Chromium picolinate in the yard and garden
Moderate risk for your yardChromium picolinate presents a low to moderate risk to human adults as a dietary supplement. In vitro clastogenicity data raised safety concerns that were not confirmed in in vivo carcinogenicity studies; current regulatory assessments (FDA, EFSA) do not classify it as a carcinogen. EU Repr 2 (H361) designation for suspected reproductive toxicity warrants caution in pregnant women. Clinical efficacy for glucose control and weight loss is not well established (EFSA rejected health claims in 2010). Consumers should be aware that chromium picolinate supplements may interact with insulin and antidiabetic medications (additive hypoglycemia risk). Doses above 1000 μg/day Cr as chromium picolinate are not recommended; no tolerable upper intake level has been established due to data gaps. Risk of liver or kidney toxicity at very high doses has been reported in case reports.
What is chromium picolinate?
The IUPAC name is chromium(3+);tris(pyridine-2-carboxylate).
Also known as: chromium(3+);tris(pyridine-2-carboxylate), Chromium(III) Picolinate, Chromium(III) trispicolinate, Chromax.
- IUPAC name
- chromium(3+);tris(pyridine-2-carboxylate)
- CAS number
- 14639-25-9
- Molecular formula
- C18H12CrN3O6
- Molecular weight
- 418.3 g/mol
- SMILES
- C1=CC=NC(=C1)C(=O)[O-].C1=CC=NC(=C1)C(=O)[O-].C1=CC=NC(=C1)C(=O)[O-].[Cr+3]
- PubChem CID
- 151932
Risk for people, pets,
Moderate riskChromium picolinate presents a low to moderate risk to human adults as a dietary supplement. In vitro clastogenicity data raised safety concerns that were not confirmed in in vivo carcinogenicity studies; current regulatory assessments (FDA, EFSA) do not classify it as a carcinogen. EU Repr 2 (H361) designation for suspected reproductive toxicity warrants caution in pregnant women. Clinical efficacy for glucose control and weight loss is not well established (EFSA rejected health claims in 2010). Consumers should be aware that chromium picolinate supplements may interact with insulin and antidiabetic medications (additive hypoglycemia risk). Doses above 1000 μg/day Cr as chromium picolinate are not recommended; no tolerable upper intake level has been established due to data gaps. Risk of liver or kidney toxicity at very high doses has been reported in case reports.
Regulatory consensus
3 regulatory and scientific bodies have classified Chromium picolinate. The classifications differ — that's the data.
| Agency | Year | Classification | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| IARC | 2010 | Not evaluated by IARC for carcinogenicity as a specific compound — chromium picolinate [Cr(pic)3; tris(picolinato)chromium(III)] is a trivalent Cr(III) coordination compound used as a chromium dietary supplement for insulin sensitization and weight management; EFSA 2010 concluded no evidence of benefit and raised concerns about in vitro clastogenicity (chromosome-breaking ability) of chromium picolinate that was not confirmed in in vivo studies; not classified as carcinogenic by IARC or EPA; EU classified chromium picolinate as Repr 2 (H361) based on animal reproductive data | |
| EPA CTX / Genetox | — | Genotoxicity: negative (Ames: negative, 0 positive / 2 negative reports) | |
| EPA CTX / Genetox | — | Genotoxicity: negative (Ames: negative, 0 positive / 2 negative reports) |
Regulators apply different standards of evidence — animal-data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds — which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. The disagreement is the data.
Where your yard encounter chromium picolinate
- Contaminated Water — Mining site runoff, Industrial discharge areas, Drinking water from old infrastructure
- Soil Contamination — Industrial sites, Smelter areas, Battery recycling facilities
- Food Chain — Fish from contaminated waters, Shellfish from polluted areas, Crops grown in contaminated soil
- Consumer Products — dietary supplements, fortified foods, energy drinks
Safer alternatives
Lower-risk approaches that achieve a similar outcome to Chromium picolinate:
-
Food-based nutrient sources; Whole food diet
Trade-offs: Alternative approach; specific tradeoffs depend on application context, scale, and regulatory requirements. Full hazard assessment of alternative recommended before adoption to avoid regrettable substitution.Relative cost: 1.2-2×
Frequently asked questions
Is chromium picolinate safe for your yard?
Chromium picolinate presents a low to moderate risk to human adults as a dietary supplement. In vitro clastogenicity data raised safety concerns that were not confirmed in in vivo carcinogenicity studies; current regulatory assessments (FDA, EFSA) do not classify it as a carcinogen. EU Repr 2 (H361) designation for suspected reproductive toxicity warrants caution in pregnant women. Clinical efficacy for glucose control and weight loss is not well established (EFSA rejected health claims in 2010). Consumers should be aware that chromium picolinate supplements may interact with insulin and antidiabetic medications (additive hypoglycemia risk). Doses above 1000 μg/day Cr as chromium picolinate are not recommended; no tolerable upper intake level has been established due to data gaps. Risk of liver or kidney toxicity at very high doses has been reported in case reports.
What products contain chromium picolinate?
Chromium picolinate appears in: Mining site runoff (Contaminated water); Industrial discharge areas (Contaminated water); Industrial sites (Soil contamination); Smelter areas (Soil contamination); Fish from contaminated waters (Food chain).
Why do regulators disagree about chromium picolinate?
Chromium picolinate has been classified by 3 agencies including IARC, EPA CTX / Genetox, EPA CTX / Genetox, with differing conclusions. Regulators apply different standards of evidence (animal data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds), which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. See the regulatory consensus table on this page for the full picture.
See Chromium picolinate in the outdoor app
Look up products containing chromium picolinate, compare to alternatives, and explore the full data record.
Open in outdoor View raw API dataSources (1)
- Chromium Picolinate Cr(pic)3 Tris-Picolinate Cr(III); Chromodulin Glucose Tolerance Factor Insulin Receptor Potentiation; EFSA 2010 No Health Claim Glucose Maintenance; In Vitro Clastogenicity CHO Cells Not Confirmed In Vivo; EU Repr 2 H361 Suspected Reproductive Toxicant; FDA Qualified Health Claim Insulin Resistance Very Low Confidence; EU Novel Food Sports Foods 200 μg/day Cr; NTP No Carcinogenicity In Vivo; Sales 100 Million USD 1990s 2000s USA; IARC Not Evaluated Not Classified Carcinogen (2010) — regulatory
Reference data, not professional advice. Aggregates publicly available regulatory and scientific data; not a substitute for veterinary, medical, legal, or regulatory advice. Why we built ALETHEIA →